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　　中国高翻团队倾力之作

　　全文字数：1991字

　　阅读时间：20分钟

　　上期划线句答案

　　Its usesrange fromoffering services — from mobile payments to verifying health records — at massive scale, to deploying “smart” technologies to close the widening gap between national commitments to environmental and development goals and present realities.

　　它的用途包括为人们大规模提供移动支付、核实医疗记录等服务，也包括部署“智能”技术，缩小国家对环境和发展目标的承诺与当前现实之间不断扩大的差距。

　　本期内容

　　双语阅读

　　Rice is in trouble as the Earth heats up, threatening the food and livelihood of billions of people. Sometimes there’s not enough rain when seedlings need water, or too much when the plants need to keep their heads above water. As the sea intrudes, salt ruins the crop. As nights warm, yields go down.

　　随着地球升温，大米有麻烦了，进而威胁到数十亿人的食物与生计。有时在幼苗需要水的时候没有足够的降雨，有时稻子需要顶部保持在水面以上，降雨量却又太大。海水倒灌，作物被盐分破坏。夜晚气温上升，导致产量下降。

　　These hazards are forcing the world to find new ways to grow one of its most important crops. Rice farmers are shifting their planting calendars. Plant breeders are working on seeds to withstand high temperatures or salty soils. Hardyheirloomvarieties are beingresurrected. And where water is running low, as it is in so many parts of the world, farmers are letting their fieldsdry outon purpose, a strategy that also reducesmethane, a potent greenhouse gas that rises from paddy fields.

　　这些危险迫使世界开始寻找种植这一关键作物的新方法。稻农在改变耕种时间安排。育苗者在寻找能忍受高温或高盐土壤的种子。耐受力强的古早品种重新得到使用。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~

　　The challenges now are different from those 50 years ago. Then, the world needed to produce much more rice tostave offfamine. High-yielding hybrid seeds, grown with chemical fertilizers, helped. In the Mekong Delta, farmers went on to produce as many as three harvests a year, feeding millions at home and abroad.

　　现在面临的挑战和50年前有很大不同。当时世界需要大幅提高稻米产量以应对饥荒问题。高产的杂交稻加上化肥的使用发挥了作用。在湄公河三角洲，农民开始转向一年三熟的生产，给本国乃至国外数以百万计的人提供粮食。

　　Today, that very system of intensive production has created new problems worldwide. It has depletedaquifers, driven up fertilizer use, reduced the diversity of rice breeds that are planted, and polluted the air with the smoke of burning ricestubble. On top of that, there’s climate change: It has upended the rhythm of sunshine and rain that rice depends on. Perhaps most worrying, because rice is eaten every day by some of the world’s poorest, elevated carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere deplete nutrients from each grain.

　　在今天，集约耕作的体系本身也在世界各地造成了新问题。土壤蓄水层被耗尽，导致化肥使用增加，减少了稻米品种的多样性，焚烧秸秆产生的烟雾又造成空气污染。除了这些之外，还有气候变化：稻米赖以生存的光照和降雨的规律被打乱了。也许最令人担忧的是，由于世界上一些最贫困的人每天都在吃大米，大气中二氧化碳浓度升高，耗尽每一粒大米中的营养物质。

　　Rice faces another climate problem. It accounts for an estimated 8 percent of all global methane emissions from human activity. That’s a fraction of the emissions from coal, oil and gas, which together account for 35 percent of methane emissions. But fossil fuels can be replaced by other energy sources. Rice, not so much. Rice is the staple grain for an estimated three billion people. It is biryani and pho, jollof and jambalaya — a source of tradition, andsustenance.

　　大米还面临另一个气候问题。人类活动产生的全球甲烷排放大约有8%来自稻米种植。这跟占35%的煤炭、石油、天然气排放比起来是小巫见大巫。但是化石燃料可以用其它能源替代。大米则没那么容易。它是全球约30亿人的主食。它是印度香饭、越南河粉、西非加罗夫饭和克里奥尔什锦饭——是传统与营养的来源。

　　本文节选自：The New York Times（纽约时报）

　　发布时间：2023.05.26

　　作者：SOMINI SENGUPTA, TRAN LE THUY

　　原文标题：How Global Rice Farming Is Being Transformed by Climate Change

　　词汇积累

　　1.heirloom

　　英/ ?e?lu?m /美/ ?erlu?m /

　　n.传家宝；祖传遗物

　　2.resurrect

　　英/ ?rez??rekt /美/ ?rez??rekt /

　　vt.使复活；复兴；挖出

　　vi.复活

　　3.methane

　　英/ ?mi?θe?n /美/ ?meθe?n /

　　n.甲烷，沼气

　　4.aquifer

　　英/ ??kw?f?(r) /美/ ?ɑ?kw?f?r /

　　n.地下水层，渗透性含水石层

　　5.stubble

　　英/ ?st?bl /美/ ?st?bl /

　　n.（作物收割后留在地里的）残株；胡子茬，发茬，须茬

　　6.sustenance

　　英/ ?s?st?n?ns /美/ ?s?st?n?ns /

　　n.食物；生计；支持

　　词组搭配

　　1.dry out 变干；戒酒

　　2.stave off 避开；延缓

　　写作句总结

　　原句：These hazards are forcing the world to find new ways to grow one of its most important crops.

　　结构：Some （situation） are forcing sb to find new ways to do sth.

　　某些XX 情况逼迫某人为XX事找新的方法。

　　例句：Some economic conditions are forcing businesses to find new ways to cut costs.

　　阅读理解题

　　What is the main challenge facing rice production according to the article?A. The depletion of aquifers.B. The reduction of diversity of rice breeds.C. The pollution of the air with smoke from burning rice stubble.D. The impact of climate change on rice growth.

　　D

　　打卡作业

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　　（戳码回复“J88”）

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