2020年北京顺义区高三二模英语逐题详解+问题剖析

时间：2023-01-11

　　顺义区2020届高三二模英语

　　第一部分知识运用(共两节，45分)

　　第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

　　Alexander Fleming was born ___1___ August 6, 1881, on a farm near Darvel, Scotland. When he was twenty, Fleming took an entrance examination for medical school, and scored the highest of all candidates in the UK. Offered his choices of schools, Fleming chose the one at St Mary's Hospital in London. In the fall of 1928, the penicillin ____2____( discover) by Fleming, ____3____ received the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945 because the penicillin saved lives of thousands of the wounded soldiers during World War II.

　　【答案】1. on；2. was discovered；3. who；

　　【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Alexander Fleming的出生情况和教育背景，以及他发现的青霉素在第二次世界大战期间，青霉素挽救了成千上万名受伤士兵生命的事情。

　　【1题详解】考查介词。句意：Alexander Fleming于1881年8月6日出生在苏格兰达维尔附近的一个农场里。根据后文August 6, 1881可知表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。故填on。

　　【2题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：1928年秋，Fleming发现了青霉素。1945年，Fleming获得了诺贝尔医学奖，因为在第二次世界大战期间，青霉素挽救了成千上万名受伤士兵的生命。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文In the fall of 1928可知应用一般过去时，主语为the penicillin，谓语动词用单数。故填was discovered。

　　【3题详解】考查定语从句。句意：1928年秋，Fleming发现了青霉素。1945年，Fleming获得了诺贝尔医学奖，因为在第二次世界大战期间，青霉素挽救了成千上万名受伤士兵的生命。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Fleming，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词who。故填who。

　　One day, I got stuck in the subway. It was about nine o'clock in the morning. The train was leaving a station when it started to slow down and then came to a stop. After five minutes of waiting, some passengers weren't ____4____ (patience) any more. After twenty minutes, most of them were looking annoyed. Half an hour passed, I was still trapped there, ____5____ ( wonder) if I was going to stay there for the rest of the day. But just then the train began to move ____6____( slow). A cheer went up, and people continued to talk excitedly as if nothing had happened at all.

　　【答案】4. patient；5. wondering；6. slowly；

　　【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了自己和一些乘客某天被困在地铁里的事情。

　　【4题详解】考查形容词。句意：等了五分钟后，一些乘客再也没有耐心了。根据上文weren’t可知应填形容词作表语，表示“耐心的”。故填patient。

　　【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：半个小时过去了，我仍然被困在那里，不知道我是否会在那里度过剩下的一天。分析句子结构可知wonder在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填wondering。

　　【6题详解】考查副词。句意：但就在这时，火车开始缓慢地移动。修饰动词move应用副词slowly，表示“缓慢地”。故填slowly。

　　Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just ____7____(find) shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, once you come inside, in most cases you may find ____8____ difficult to step outside. The desire to pick up a book with an attractive cover is irresistible(难以抗拒的). You soon become absorbed in ____9____ you read, and usually you will suddenly realize you ____10____(stay) there for much time since you came in and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointment-without buying a book, of course.

　　【答案】7. to find；8. it；9. what；10. have stayed；

　　【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了无论你是一个爱书的人，还是仅仅为了买一本书作为礼物，在书店里度过的时光都是最令人愉快的。人们一旦走近书店，会发现很难走出来，而且总是会忘了时间。

　　7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你甚至可能只是为了躲避突如其来的阵雨而走进商店。分析句子结构可知find在句中作非谓语动词，且表目的应用不定式。故填to find。

　　【8题详解】考查代词。句意：不管原因是什么，一旦你走进来了，在大多数情况下，你会发现很难走出去。find后跟it做形式宾语，构成短语find it difficult to…表示“发现……很难”。故填it。

　　【9题详解】考查连接词。句意：你很快就会被所读的内容所吸引，通常你会突然意识到，自从你进来之后，你已经在那里待了很长时间，必须赶紧去保留一些被遗忘的约会——当然，不需要买一本书。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事物应用what引导。故填what。

　　【10题详解】考查动词时态。句意：你很快就会被所读的内容所吸引，通常你会突然意识到，自从你进来之后，你已经在那里待了很长时间，必须赶紧去保留一些被遗忘的约会——当然，不需要买一本书。根据后文since you came in可知应用现在完成时，且主语为you，助动词用have。故填have stayed。

　　【刘凯老师点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：

　　一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句；

　　二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）；

　　三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。

　　如第三小题，句意：你很快就会被所读的内容所吸引，通常你会突然意识到，自从你进来之后，你已经在那里待了很长时间，必须赶紧去保留一些被遗忘的约会——当然，不需要买一本书。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事物应用what引导。故填what。

　　第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Birthdays are important and for me there is often a surprise from my father. I can never guess what is waiting for me.生日对我来说很重要，父亲经常会给我一个惊喜。我永远猜不到在等着我的是什么。

　　On my birthday, I would be crying whenever someone phoned me to ____11____because all I wanted was for them to be with me and ___12___ me a hug.

　　On the 22nd of April, my 14th birthday, I woke up feeling ___13___ I was at home alone in Switzerland. My father was ___14___ for work. I was preparing myself for a day full of sadness when I ___15___ a text message from my father. He said “Happy birthday J My dearest! Go into my room now.” I went inside. What ___16___me was that there was a note on top of some new ___17___ for me, saying “Get dressed, and come out.” I was so excited. It took me only 2 minutes to ___18___ all of them and run out of my house.

　　My father was ___19___ for me in the car. He was just smiling and didn't tell me where we were going, only that it would take about half an hour to get there. After a short and pleasant trip, we ____20____ in front of an amusement park. A lot of people with the park's mascot (吉祥物) called Euromaus were welcoming us at the 21____21____ We bought tickets and stepped in. Everything was shiny and exciting and there were a lot of people with their children. The park was ____22____ into sixteen areas and they were all ____23____after European countries or cities, such as France, Paris, Greece. But the dominating things in the park were rollercoasters(过山车) ____24____ all around the park, and high above it. I was ____25____ but still decided to go on a ride, just to ____26____ challenges. Then I went to the main rollercoaster, the longest and the scariest one ____27____. It had a highest point of 73 meters. The first part of the ride was slow, so I could see the whole ____28____ of the park. People looked so small from above but everything in my eyes was beautiful. My heart ____29____ so hard, and I couldn't stop cheering and laughing.

　　It was the most ____30____ day of my life with my father not because the rollercoaster but the love from my father.

　　【答案】11. D；12. B；13. C；14. B；15. A；16. C；17. B；18. A；19. D；20. C；21. B；22. A；23. B；24. C；25. D；26. D；27. A；28. C；29. D；30. A；

　　【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章无题目，但是首段并没有设置空，清晰地交待了写作背景！主要记叙了作者的父亲带作者去游乐园度过了作者14岁生日，作者去公园坐了过山车，觉得这是一生中最难忘的一天。

　　11. A. announceB. informC. inviteD. congratulate

　　【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我生日那天，每当有人打电话祝贺我时，我就会哭，因为我想要的只是他们能和我在一起，给我一个拥抱。A. announce宣布；B. inform通知；C. invite邀请；D. congratulate恭喜。结合上那位On my birthday可知是在作者生日当天打电话祝贺作者生日快乐。

　　12. A. sellB. giveC. buyD. pay

　　【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我生日那天，每当有人打电话祝贺我时，我就会哭，因为我想要的只是他们能和我在一起，给我一个拥抱。A. sell出售；B. give给予；C. buy购买；D. pay支付。根据后文me a hug可知作者想要的只是他们能给予作者一个拥抱。

　　13. A. worriedB. confusedC. depressedD. amazed

　　【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：4月22日，我14岁生日那天，我醒来时感到很沮丧，因为我独自一人呆在瑞士的家里。A. worried担心的；B. confused困惑的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据后文I was at home alone in Switzerland.可知作者因为生日当天家里只有自己一个人感到沮丧。

　　14. A. nearbyB. awayC. aheadD. around

　　【14题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我父亲外出工作去了。A. nearby在附近；B. away离去；C. ahead朝前地；D. around周围。承接上文I was at home alone in Switzerland.可知作者的父亲外出工作了。

　　15. A. receivedB. acceptedC. postedD. offered

　　【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我收到父亲的短信时，我正准备迎接充满悲伤的一天。A. received收到；B. accepted接受；C. posted张贴；D. offered提议。结合后文a text message可知是收到了父亲的短信，指客观接收到应用receive，accept强调内心感受“接纳”。

　　16. A. encouragedB. changedC. surprisedD. amused

　　【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我惊讶的是，我的新衣服上有一张纸条，上面写着:“穿好衣服，出来吧。”A. encouraged鼓励；B. changed改变；C. surprised使惊讶；D. amused逗笑。根据第一段中a surprise from my father可知作者夫亲给作者准备了一个惊喜，因此留下了纸条，这让作者感到很惊讶。

　　17. A. magazinesB. clothesC. booksD. toys

　　【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我惊讶的是，我的新衣服上有一张纸条，上面写着:“穿好衣服，出来吧。”A. magazines杂志；B. clothes衣服；C. books书本；D. toys玩具。根据后文Get dressed可知是指衣服。

　　18. A. put onB. try onC. give awayD. sell out

　　【18题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只花了两分钟就把它们全部穿上，然后跑出了我的房子。A. put on穿上；B. try on试验；C. give away赠送；D. sell out卖完。结合上文Get dressed可知作者穿上了新衣服。

　　19. A. preparingB. lookingC. applyingD. waiting

　　【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲在车里等我。A. preparing准备；B. looking看着；C. applying申请；D. waiting等待。根据后文for me in the car.可知作者的父亲在车里等着作者。wait for“等待”。

　　20. A. joinedB. succeededC. arrivedD. resulted

　　20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过短暂而愉快的旅行，我们到达了一个游乐园的前面。A. joined加入；B. succeeded成功；C. arrived到达；D. resulted致使。根据后文in front of an amusement park可知作者和父亲来到了游乐园。

　　21. A. hotelB. entranceC. officeD. shop

　　【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人带着公园的吉祥物Euromaus在21号入口欢迎我们。A. hotel宾馆；B. entrance入口；C. office办公室；D. shop商店。上文提到了作者他们来到了游乐园门口，那么此处应指的是许多人在游乐园入口欢迎作者他们。

　　22. A. dividedB. turnedC. knockedD. broken

　　【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公园被划分为16个区域，它们都以欧洲国家或城市的名字命名，如法国、巴黎、希腊。A. divided分开；B. turned转弯；C. knocked敲击；D. broken打破。根据后文into sixteen areas可知公园被划分为16个区域。短语divide into“把……分成”。

　　23. A. builtB. namedC. decoratedD. followed

　　【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公园被划分为16个区域，它们都以欧洲国家或城市的名字命名，如法国、巴黎、希腊。A. built修建；B. named命名；C. decorated装饰；D. followed跟随。根据后文such as France, Paris, Greece可知这16个区域是以欧洲国家或城市的名字命名的。短语name after“以……命名”。

　　24. A. drawnB. grownC. spreadD. lost

　　【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是公园里最主要的东西是遍布公园的过山车，而且在公园的高处。A. drawn画；B. grown生长；C. spread散布，传播；D. lost失去。根据后文all around the park可知公园遍布过山车。

　　25. A. amusedB. disappointedC. satisfiedD. frightened

　　【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕，但还是决定去乘坐，去面对挑战。A. amused有趣的；B. disappointed失望的；C. satisfied满意的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文but still decided to go on a ride可知虽然作者很害怕但是还是决定去乘坐过山车，but表示转折。

　　26. A. avoidB. checkC. watchD. face

　　【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕，但还是决定去乘坐，去面对挑战。A. avoid避免；B. check检查；C. watch观看；D. face面对。承接上文作者害怕坐过山车，但是还是决定去尝试，去面对挑战。

　　27. A. directlyB. easilyC. effectivelyD. simply

　　【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我直接去了主过山车，最长、最可怕的一个。A. directly直接地；B. easily容易地；C. effectively有效地；D. simply简单地。根据上文the longest and the scariest one可知作者直接去坐了主过山车。

　　28. A. bridgesB. transportC. sceneryD. routes

　　【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一部分行驶得很慢，所以我可以看到整个公园的景色。A. bridges桥梁；B. transport运输；C. scenery景色；D. routes路线。结合后文People looked so small from above but everything in my eyes was beautiful.可知可以看到整个公园的景色。

　　29. A. jumpedB. tappedC. hurtD. beat

　　【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心跳得很厉害，我无法停止欢呼和大笑。A. jumped跳跃；B. tapped发掘；C. hurt伤害；D. beat击打，打败。结合后文so hard可知作者的心跳得很厉害。故选D。

　　30. A. unforgettableB. unacceptableC. unbelievableD. uncomfortable

　　【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中最难忘的一天，不是因为过山车，而是来自父亲的爱。A. unforgettable难忘的；B. unacceptable不能接受的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。父亲带作者去游乐园度过了生日，作者觉得这是最难忘的一天了。其它选项不符合语境。

　　第二部分阅读理解（共两节，40分）

　　第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　New Year's Eve Foods for Good Luck除夕夜的食物能带来好运

　　New Year's Eve is a festival time celebrated around the world with friends, family, fireworks and foods. Do you have any New Year's Eve food traditions? Read through the foods below to figure out the best New Year's Eve foods.

　　Greens

　　Greens are a late crop mostly grown in the south, so they're easy to find in the colder months. They are go-to New Year's Eve foods because they look like money.

　　Cornbread

　　Mix and match a few different New Year's Eve food traditions with black-eyed peas, greens, and cornbread to make a fortune. As the Southern saying goes, “ peas for pennies, greens for dollars, and cornbread for gold. ”

　　Soba

　　In Japan, soba is the traditional New Year's food of choice. The length of the soba noodles is said to symbolize a long life. Part of the tradition is eating the whole noodle since the luck runs out if you break or chew the noodle.

　　Grapes

　　Make sure to add grapes to your New Year's food. On New Year's Eve, the Spanish eats a grape for each strike of midnight, with each representing a page of the calendar ahead. If one is bitter, watch out for that month!

　　Pork

　　Pigs are a lucky New Year5s Eve food because they move forward when they eat. They are also rotund (圆胖的),symbolizing a fat wallet ahead. And the meat itself is fattier than other cuts of meat, making this New Year's Eve food both tasty and a symbol of richness.

　　Cake

　　Ring-shaped cakes are a symbol of coming full circle, making them a perfect New Year's food. This tradition roots in the Greeks who make a traditional Vasilopita with a hidden coin baked inside. If you get the piece with the coin, you'll have good luck for a year.

　　Fish

　　Fish are believed to be a lucky New Year’s Eve food because their scales look like coins, and they swim in groups, which relates to the idea of abundance. Plus, fish swim forward, which represents progress.

　　So, try some of these dishes for your next New Year's Eve party to bring luck to all your guests and yourself.

　　31. Which of the New Year's Eve foods has nothing to do with wealth?

　　A. Fish. B. Grapes.

　　C. Pork. D. Cornbread.

　　32. Japanese consider the length of soba noodles as a symbol of _______.

　　A. richness B. progress

　　C. a long life D. coming full circle

　　33. In Greek, if one gets a piece of cake with a coin hidden inside, for a year, he or she will be _______.

　　A. rich B. fortunate

　　C. healthy D. fulfilling

　　【答案】31. B；32. C；33. B；

　　【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些世界各地新年前夜吃些能带来好运的食物习俗。

　　【31题详解】细节理解题。根据Grapes部分中On New Year's Eve, the Spanish eats a grape for each strike of midnight, with each representing a page of the calendar ahead.可知在新年前夜，西班牙人每吃一颗葡萄代表午夜的每一击，每一击代表一页日历。由此可知，葡萄与财富无关。故选B。

　　【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中The length of the soba noodles is said to symbolize a long life.可知荞麦面的长度据说象征着长寿。由此可知，日本人认为荞麦面的长度象征着长寿。故选C。

　　【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中If you get the piece with the coin, you'll have good luck for a year.可知如果你得到了那枚硬币，你就会有一年的好运气。由此可知，在希腊，如果一个人得到一块蛋糕，里面藏着一枚硬币，他或她这一年将是幸运的。故选B。

　　刘凯老师介绍：

　　刘凯，男，蒙古族，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔人。本科为哈尔滨师范大学英语系，硕士为北京理工大学。美国亚利桑那大学访问学者，澳大利亚新兰威尔士大学ESL研修。2018年加州理工学院语言学双学位获得者。

　　北京市优秀青年教师，北京市级重点高中示范校骨干教师，多年高中一线执教经验，高三年级把关教师，多次参与东城区模拟试题命题工作，教学理念先进，教学成果突出，多篇教学论文获市区级奖项。

　　教育部课题研究员，参与国家十二五课题计划，并作出突出贡献，参与初中、高中各年级区级试题的命制，多次承担区级和市级研究课任务。

　　北京市科技英语优秀指导教师，所带学生在各级英语口语、作文竞赛中多次获奖；刘凯老师将扎实的英语基本功和严谨的学术思想作为教学的基础，课堂上善于寓教于乐，信息量大，内容丰富，使学生在和谐的课堂气氛下欣赏英语、享受英语、掌握英语、运用英语。

　　多次参加高考阅卷工作，参与人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各类高考教学用书的编写工作，有丰富的备考经验，国际核心期刊发表多篇论文。

　　2009-2012年期间，多次受邀在北京广播电台主持英语高考大纲解析及英语新课程改革节目，学术功底深厚，兼具偶像派与实力派特点，教风亲切洒脱，诙谐幽默，思维开阔，屡有奇思妙想，善于引导学生学以致用，对高考动向把握极其准确，深受学生和家长欢迎。尤其擅长英语语法和单词记忆法。

　　海外生活学习十年，社科人文类学科偏爱者；10年雅思教龄，知名教师培训师；

　　指导上万考生快速冲刺雅思写作、阅读，平均分数7.5分；独创“段落清空”、极简化“针对检索式”阅读法等众多高效技法；

　　每年雅思考试均在10次以上；均分8+；真题回忆准确度97%以上；贴近西式思路和语言指导学生写作；善于帮助学生突破学术写作思维瓶颈。

　　讲授科目有长难句、翻译、四六级考试、阅读和写作；在2014、2015、2016、2017四年考研中，接受其培训的所有考生中有近万名考生取得高分。

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