一周双语新闻热词汇总(1.1-7)
叮!新一期热词榜已送达!回顾一周最in话题,精选高频双语词汇。感受时代脉搏,尽在一周新闻热词榜。
本周的新闻热词有:
1. 空间站机械臂成功转位货运飞船
2. 12月中国制造业PMI升至50.3%
3. 2021年中欧班列开行1.5万列
4. WHO:2022人类将战胜新冠疫情
1. 机械臂
robotic arm
请看例句:
China successfully conducted a transposition test of the Tianzhou-2 cargo craft using its space station's robotic arm Thursday morning.
北京时间1月6日凌晨,我国空间站机械臂转位货运飞船试验取得圆满成功。
这是我国首次利用空间站机械臂操作大型在轨飞行器(a large in-orbit spacecraft)进行转位试验(transposition test)。1月6日凌晨,机械臂成功捕获天舟二号货运飞船(the arm secured the robotic cargo craft)。6时12分转位试验开始,天舟二号货运飞船与天和核心舱解锁分离(be unlocked and separated from the space station core module Tianhe)后,在机械臂拖动下以核心舱节点舱球心为圆心进行平面转位(be moved into a predetermined position);而后,反向操作(reversed the maneuvers),直至货运飞船与核心舱重新对接并完成锁紧(re-docked with the core module and completed locking)。
此次试验,初步检验了利用机械臂操作空间站舱段转位的可行性和有效性(the test preliminarily verified the feasibility of using the mechanical arm to conduct a space station module transfer),验证了空间站舱段转位技术和机械臂大负载操控技术,为后续空间站在轨组装建造积累了经验(laid a foundation for the subsequent in-orbit assembly and construction of the country's space station)。
[相关词汇]
转位试验 transposition test
核心舱 core module
货运飞船 cargo craft
太空实验室 space labs
空间站 space station
2. 制造业PMI
purchasing managers' index (PMI) for manufacturing sector
请看例句:
The purchasing managers' index (PMI) for China's manufacturing sector came in at 50.3 in December, up from 50.1 in November, data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed.
据国家统计局数据,12月份,中国制造业采购经理指数(PMI)为50.3%,比上月上升0.2个百分点。
采购经理指数(the purchasing managers' index, usually referred to as PMI)是通过对企业采购经理的月度调查结果统计汇总、编制而成的综合指数(composite index),由五个分类指数(sub-index),即新订单(new sales orders)指数、生产(production levels)指数、从业人员(employment)指数、供应商配送时间(supplier deliveries)指数、主要原材料库存(stocks of raw materials)指数加权而成。
该指数是国际上通用的监测宏观经济走势的先行性指数之一,具有较强的预测、预警作用。PMI高于50%时,反映经济总体较上月扩张 (a reading above 50 indicates expansion);低于50%,则反映经济总体较上月收缩(a reading below reflects contraction)。
国家统计局服务业调查中心高级统计师赵庆河称,随着一系列保供稳价(ensure adequate supply, stabilize market prices)和助企纾困(ease the pressure of companies)等稳定经济发展政策力度加大,制造业景气水平得到了回升。
从分类指数来看,主要原材料购进价格指数(sub-index measuring purchase prices of major raw materials)和出厂价格指数(ex-factory price index)分别为48.1%和45.5%,低于上月4.8和3.4个百分点,连续两个月回落(the second consecutive month that the two indices saw a decline)。生产指数(sub-index for production)为51.4%,高于临界点(remain in the expansion area),反映制造业生产继续保持增长(reflect the growth momentum of the manufacturing sector)。国家统计局的数据还显示,12月份,非制造业商务活动指数(purchasing managers' index for non-manufacturing sector)为52.7%,高于上月的52.3%。
[相关词汇]
国家统计局 the National Bureau of Statistics
中国制造业采购经理指数 PMI for China's manufacturing sector
非制造业商务活动指数 PMI for China's non-manufacturing sector
经济景气指数 Economic Sentiment Index
3. 中欧班列
China-Europe freight train
请看例句:
The number of China-Europe freight train trips surged by 22% year on year to hit 15,000 in 2021, data from China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. showed.
中国国家铁路集团有限公司的数据显示,2021年中欧班列全年开行1.5万列、同比增长22%。
中欧班列是指按照固定车次、线路、班期和全程运行时刻开行,往来于中国与"一带一路"(the Belt and Road initiative)沿线国家、地区的集装箱(containers)国际铁路联运班列。2021年中欧班列发送146万标箱(a total of 1.46 million 20-foot equivalent units of goods)、同比增长29%。中欧班列的稳定运行促进了沿线国家之间的合作(cooperation among countries along the rail routes has been beefed up),为确保国际产业链供应链稳定畅通作出了积极贡献(make positive contributions to the stability of industrial and supply chains worldwide)。
2011年3月,首趟中欧班列从重庆发出开往德国杜伊斯堡,开启了中欧班列创新发展的序章。2016年6月8日,中国铁路正式启用中欧班列统一品牌。截至2021年6月,中欧班列已打通73条运行线路,通达欧洲22个国家的160多个城市。截至2021年11月底,中欧班列历年累计开行47414列,运送货物429.7万标箱(20-foot equivalent units)。10余年来,中欧班列为数万中外企业带来商机(business opportunities),为沿线数亿民众送去实惠,开创了亚欧陆路运输新篇章,铸就了沿线国家互利共赢的桥梁纽带。
[相关词汇]
"一带一路"伙伴关系 Belt and Road partnership
多边自由贸易体制 multilateral free trade system
全球供应链 global supply chain
货物贸易正增长 positive growth in foreign trade in goods
4. 战胜新冠疫情
defeat the coronavirus pandemic
请看例句:
The World Health Organization chief says he is optimistic that the coronavirus pandemic will be defeated in 2022, provided countries work together to contain its spread.
世界卫生组织总干事表示,只要各国联起手来抑制病毒蔓延,他对于人类在2022年战胜新冠疫情充满乐观。
世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞日前发表新年寄语,他表示,新冠疫情导致边境关闭(shut borders)、家人分离(split families),在某些地方,不戴口罩甚至出不了门。尽管如此,他还是在寄语中表明了积极的态度(sound a positive note in his speech),并指出如今应对和治疗新冠的手段比以前多很多(there are now many more tools to treat Covid-19)。谭德塞称,要警惕"狭隘的民族主义和疫苗囤积(narrow nationalism and vaccine hoarding)"。他警告称,疫苗分配中持续的不平等(continuing inequity in vaccine distribution)将增加病毒变异的风险(increase the risk of the virus evolving)。他补充道:"如果我们终结不平等,我们就能终结这场疫情(If we end inequity, we end the pandemic)。"
谭德塞还提到了疫苗接种率低的问题(low vaccination rates)。尽管欧洲和美洲多数人口至少已接种一剂新冠疫苗(receive at least one dose),但是世卫组织在2021年底前实现各国至少40%的人口完成疫苗接种的目标(a target of full vaccination rates in 40% of every country)在非洲大部分地区都没有达到。谭德塞先前曾批评富裕国家"攫取"全球疫苗供应("gobbling up" the global vaccine supply),促使本国大多数人口完全接种疫苗,而其他一些国家的人口连第一针都还没有打。世卫组织为2022年设立了新目标(set a new goal for 2022):在7月前完成各国70%人口的疫苗接种以终结新冠疫情(end the pandemic)。目前全球新冠肺炎病例总数达到了2.87亿,近550万名患者已经丧生。
[相关词汇]
新冠疫苗合作国际论坛 international forum on COVID-19 vaccine cooperation
疫苗公平可及 accessibility and fair distribution of vaccines
全球卫生治理体系 global health governance system
抗击新冠肺炎疫情 battle against the COVID-19 epidemic
公共卫生体系 public health system
(编辑:彭娜 许雅宁)