写作实用技巧
Listening, speaking, reading and writing are four basic skills in language learning.(听说读写是语言学习的四项基本技能。)写作对于很多同学来说绝对是一个老大难,一是没有话可写,二是写的话不通顺,让人不理解。每次看完作文都有一种怀疑人生的感觉:I all not know who is who了。
其实写作是需要一定的词汇和语法的积累,在此基础之上可以自由发挥,展现出个人对于语言的驾驭能力。写作最忌讳的也就是千篇一律。所以在构思写作的时候要勤于思考,寻求变化。背单词的时候不能只背一个意思,想汉语意思的时候也不能只对应一个单词,这样很难突破瓶颈。那么,今天Stone老师就来聊聊写作中的单词替换,介绍一下“因为”在英语中都有哪些说法吧!
一、能接从句的
1.because 表示原因的语气最强,有明显的因果关系。
I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.
我缺席会议是因为我生病了。
2.since语气次于because。常表示分析后推断出来的原因,或是指人们已经知道的事实。一般翻译成“既然”,常置于句首。
Since everybody is here, let's begin our class.
既然人都到齐了,我们开始上课吧。
3.as语气弱于since。其原因只是对结果的附带说明。一般放在句首。
As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors.
由于雨下得很在,我们只好待在家里。
4.for表达的语气最弱。不能用来表示直接的原因,只能是附带的解释说明或推测。一般放在语句的后面。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下过雨,你看地面都是湿的。
5.now that可以完全与since互换,也是“既然”的意思。that可以省略。
Now (that) you feel ill, you'd better not go to work.
既然你感觉不舒服,那最好不要去上班了。
PS:有时when也可以相当于since和now that,翻译成“既然”
How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching TV?
既然把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了,他们还能学到什么东西呢?
6.in that标准的书面用语。表示“由于某种原因”
This experiment is worth trusting in that it is based on scientific facts.
这项实验值得信赖,因为它是建立在科学事实基础之上的。
7.considering that可以翻译成”考虑到”。that可以省略。
Considering he is only just started, he knows quite a lot about it.
8.seeing that可以翻译成“鉴于;既然“。其实也相当于since/ now that和considering that.
Seeing that he has been off sick all week, he is unlikely to come.
他请病假整整一周了,所以今天不太可能来。
9.not that……but that……意思是”不是因为……而是因为……“
Not that she forgot to do her homework, but that she was busy nursing a sick classmate.
她没写作业不是因为忘了,而是因为忙着照顾一个生病的同学。
二、不接从句的
1.because of最为常用
Because his wife's being there, I said nothing about it.
因为他妻子在那儿,我啥也没说。
2.due to强调起因,多用在be动词之后作表语。
Our delay was due to the heavy fall of snow.
我们迟到是因为雪下得太大了。
3.owing to常表示引起某种不良后果的原因,更多用来作状语。
Owing to the heavy fall of snow, all flights have been cancelled.
因为大雪,所有的航班都取消了。
4.thanks to可以翻译成”多亏了;幸亏“。表示结果向好的一方面发展,隐含了一定的感激成分。也可以用于反语,表达贬义。
Thanks to everybody's hard work, we can fulfill the task on time.
多亏了大家的辛勤努力,我们才能按时完成这项任务。
5.out of侧重行为的动机或出于某种内心的感受。
I adopted this dog just out of sympathy.
出于同情,我收养了这只小狗。
6.as a result of可以翻译成“由于……的结果”
As a result of the flood. thousands of people lost their homes.
由于洪水,成千上万的人失去了家园。
PS:as a result表示“因此,结果”常用在有上下文联系的情况下。
He had some bad fish. As a result, he didn't feel well this morning.
他吃了些坏鱼,因此,早上起来感觉有点不舒服。
更加高级的说法:as a consequence of 和 as a consequence
on account of较为正式。多用于书面语。
The game was delayed on account of the disease.
由于疾病,比赛被推迟了。
7.in view of可以翻译成“鉴于;考虑到”
In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be take before things get worse.
考虑到事情的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。
8.in the light of完全可以与in view of 互换
In the light of your remarks, we rejected her offer.
鉴于你的评语,我们拒绝了她的请求。
9.for fear of意思是“唯恐;为了避免”。相当于“由于害怕某事的发生而做……”
He left an hour early for fear of missing the bus.
由于担心错过公交车,他提前一个小时离开了。
10.attribute to意思是“把……归因于……”。此时相当于owe to
She attributes her success to hard work and a bit of luck.
她认为她的成功是由于勤奋加上一点儿运气而得来的。
We owe this discovery to Newton.
我们的这一发现得归功于牛顿。
好了,今天先分享这些“因为”吧!在接下来练习写作的时候就不要固执地只用because了啊,学会变化,让文章更加丰富多彩。
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