英语语法简单学：助动词

　　【上期回顾】

　　英语语法简单学冠词

　　【本期内容】

　　一、内容纲要

　　

　　二、内容简述

　　（一）定义

　　英语中的助动词（Auxiliary verbs）本身没有意义，主要是在功能和语法上帮助句子的主要动词（Main verbs）。

　　英语中的助动词主要有：be；have；do；will

　　（二）be

　　1、构成各种进行时。如：

　　We are watching TV in our room right now. (现在进行时)

　　Sally was shopping when I saw her. (过去进行时)

　　They have been running for an hour. (现在完成进行时)

　　We had been sleeping for an hour when the fire alarm rang. (过去完成进行时)

　　2、构成被动语态。如：

　　The window is broken.

　　The bridge was built.

　　The new program has been declared.

　　Your assignment must be finished by tomorrow.

　　（三）have

　　构成各种完成时，如：

　　They have cleared all the evidence. （现在完成时）

　　She has been singing. （现在完成进行时）

　　We had arranged everything. （过去完成时）

　　The bridge will have been finished by next Friday. （将来完成时）

　　（四）will

　　构成各种将来时，如：

　　He will visit us tomorrow. （一般将来时）

　　She said she would go there on foot. （过去将来时）

　　We will have completed the work by the end of next month. （将来完成时）

　　He will be reading in the library this time next Friday. （将来进行时）

　　（五）do

　　有do、does、did三种形式。

　　1、构成否定句，如：

　　I don’t like horror films.

　　John didn’t participate our club.

　　2、构成疑问句，如：

　　Does your brother know Spanish?

　　Did you attend the course yesterday?

　　3、构成强调句，如：

　　I do want to marry you.

　　He did sell the house by himself.

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