小学英语音标发音、拼读规则汇总大全

　　1、元音字母在 重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [?] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [] clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 [] bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

　　2、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a [] China another woman breakfast [i] orange comrade village cabbage e [] hundred student open weekend [i] chicken pocket begin children i []/[i] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite o [] second tonight somebody welcome [u] also zero photo u [] autumn diffcult [ju:] popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

　　在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。

　　3、元音字母在 重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a在[w]音后面 [] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [] come monkey love mother

　　4、-r音节元音字组在 重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 ar ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener [:] warm quarter towards or or在[w]音后面 [:] forty morning short [:] word worker worse er ir ur [:] certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

　　5、-re音节元音字组在 重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 are [ε] care dare hare ere [i] here mere ire [ai] fire hire wire ore [:] more score before ure [ju] pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例如：picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。 例如：parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。 例如：orange very American paragraph

　　6、元音字组在 重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play air [ε] air hair chair pair repair alal在f m前 [] small ball talk wall all [:l] always also salt almost [α:] half calm au/aw [:] autumn daughter draw ea [i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great ear [i] hear dear near clear year [ε] bear pear wear swear [:] earth learn early ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [i] pioneer deer beer ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key eu/ew在 j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor [:] roar board door floor oi/oy [i] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school [u] book look cook foot good ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though [] young country enough [u:] group you soup our [:] course your four [au] our hour ours [:] journey ui 在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit

　　7、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]。 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [n] impression nation -sion在元音字母后 [n] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [n] question suggestion -sten [sn] listen -stle [sl] whistle -sure [] pleasure measure -ture [] picture culture

　　8、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。 例如： everyday[ei] handbag[?] blackboard[:] 有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。 例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[:] ＞ cupboard[] 碗柜

　　9、辅字组的读音 辅字组 读 音 例 词 b [b] bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb c c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema ch [] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [] machine Chicago -ck [k] cock pocket black knock d [d] doctor bread hand day -dge [] bridge fridge dr- [dr] children driver drink f [f] five four breakfast g g在e i/y前 [] bag gardon go [] orange large German gh [f] cough enough [/] light daughter high gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 [] guess league dialogue [w] language anguish h [h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest j [] jeep jar joke join July k [k] kind bike skate make week kn- [n] knife know knock l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn -mn [m] autumn column solemn n n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note [] uncle thank hungry -ng [] morning young wrong p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq qu- [kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband sc- [sk] scarlet [s] muscle science sh [] she fish shirt wash t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet [] patient nation tch [] watch th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method [] the these with than [] clothe father weather tr- [tr] tree train country truck v [v] very voice love leave w [w] week win wake sweet wait [/] answer two wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why [h] who whose whole x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise [gz] examle exist exact wr- [r] write y- [j] yes yard yellow young z [z] puzzle zero zo