什么是介词短语?
含义:介词和它的宾语构成的介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。
介词的宾语:
1.名词或代词作介词的宾语。
Are you interested in history?
Don't worry about me.
注意:人称代词作介词宾语时要用宾格。
2.动名词作介词的宾语。
He is good at telling stories.
他善于讲故事。
3.过去分词作介词的宾语
We can't regard the matter as settled.
我们不能认为这事解决了。
注意:过去分词作介词的宾语通常用于固定结构中,其它情况下,过去分词通常不直接跟过去分词作宾语,若语义上要接过去分词(表被动),可换成“being+过去分词”。
He went out without being seen by others.
他出去了,没有被其它人看见。
4.从句作介词的宾语。
He was satisfied with what she said.
他对她说的不满意。
注意:介词后通常不接that从句,但有个别介词(如except)可接that从句。
I know nothing about him except that he lives next door.
我只知道他住隔壁,其它的我就不知道了。
5.不定式作介词的宾语。
I have no choice but to wait.
除了等,我没有别的选择。
介词后接动词不定式的情形通常只见于but,except等极个别单词,该不定式有时带to,有时不带to。区别是,若其前面出现了动词do,则其后的动词不定式通常带to,若其前面没出现动词do,则其后的动词不定式通常带to。
介词后通常不直接跟不定式作宾语,但却可接“连词,代词(副词)+不定式结构”
He gave me some advice on how to do it.
对于如何做这件事他给我提了些建议。
6.形容词作介词的宾语。
Her pronunciation is far from perfect.
她的发音远不是完美的。
注意:有些形容词作介词的宾语可视为其前面省略了动名词being。
He regarded the situations as (being) serious.
他认为形势严重。
有些“介词+形容词”已经形成固定搭配。
in full:全部地,无省略地。
7.副词作介词的宾语。
I can't stay for long.
我不能待太久。
It's too hot in there.
这里太热了。
8.数词作介词的宾语
He was among the first to arrive.
他是第一批到达的。
The city has a population of four million.
这座城市有四百万人口。
9.介词短语作介词的宾语。
I saw her from across the street.
我从街的对面望见了她。
注意:通常可接介词短语作宾语的介词是from,till, until,since,except,instead of等。
10.复合结构作介词的宾语
She had no objection to Marry marrying him.
他不反对玛丽和他结婚。
She came in with a book in her hand.
她手里拿着一本书。
All the afternoon, he worked with the door locked.
整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。
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