24考研题源外刊阅读《纽约时报》双语精读版训练--关于用眼健康的几大常识和误区

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　　上期划线句答案

　　The debt ceilingcan be raisedagain, but only if it can be voted through the House of Representatives, which has a Republican majority.

　　债务上限可以再次提高，但前提是能在共和党占多数的众议院获得投票通过。

　　本期内容

　　双语阅读

　　Reading a book or looking at an electronic device up close is bad for your eyes. True. Our eyes are not meant to focus on objects close to our face for long periods of time, said Dr. Xiaoying Zhu, an associate clinical professor ofoptometryand the lead myopia researcher at SUNY College of Optometry in New York City. When we do, especially as children, it encourages the eyeball to lengthen, which over time can causenearsightedness, ormyopia.

　　看书或者使用电子设备的时候，凑得过近对视力有害。正确。纽约州立大学视光学院的临床眼视光副教授、近视首席研究员朱晓颖博士说，我们的眼睛不应该长时间盯着靠近面部的物体。如果经常这样，尤其是在孩童阶段，会导致眼轴变长，长此以往就变成了近视。

　　Reading in the dark can worsen your eyesight. False. However, if the lighting is so dim that you need to hold your book or tablet close to your face, that can increase the risks mentioned above and createeyestrain, which can cause soreness around the eyes andtemples, headache and difficulty concentrating. But these are usually temporary symptoms, Dr. Zhu said.

　　在暗处看东西会导致视力下降。错误。不过，在光线不好的时候，你会不由自主地凑近书或者平板电脑，从而增加前述风险，造成视疲劳，导致眼睛和太阳穴周围酸痛、头疼和注意力不集中的状况。但朱晓颖说，这些通常都是暂时性的症状。

　　Spending more time outside helps eyesight. True. Some research (mostly focused on children) suggests that outdoor time can reduce the risk of developing myopia, said Maria Liu, an associate professor of clinical optometry at the University of California, Berkeley. Experts don’t fully understand why this is, but some research suggests that bright sunlight may encourage theretinato producedopamine, which discourages eye lengthening (though these experiments have mostly been conducted with animals, Dr. Zhu said).

　　多待在户外对视力有好处。正确。加州大学伯克利分校临床眼视光副教授刘悦说，一些研究（主要针对儿童）表明，多待在户外可以降低患近视的风险。对于背后的原因，专家并不完全理解，但一些研究表明，明亮的阳光可能会促进视网膜产生多巴胺，从而阻止眼轴变长（尽管朱晓颖说，这些实验主要是在动物身上进行的）。

　　Taking a break from wearing glasses can prevent your eyesight from getting worse. False. Some patients who need glasses tell Safal Khanal, an assistant professor in optometry and vision science at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, that they don’t wear their glasses all the time because they think it will make their condition worse. “That’s not true,” he said. If you need glasses, you should wear them.

　　隔一阵子摘下眼镜可以防止视力下降。错误。一些需要佩戴眼镜的患者告诉阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校眼视光学和视觉科学助理教授萨法尔·卡纳尔，他们不会一直戴眼镜，因为他们认为这会让视力下降。“不是这样的，”他说。如果你需要眼镜，就应该戴上。

　　Even a little blue light from screens is damaging to your eyes. False. While some research has found that exposure to blue light can damage the retina and potentially cause vision problemsover time, no solid evidence has confirmed that this happens with typical exposures in humans, Dr. Ehrlich said. There’s also no evidence that wearing blue-light-blocking glasses will improve eye health, he added.

　　即使是来自屏幕的一点点蓝光，也会损害你的眼睛。错误。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~ 他还说，也没有证据表明戴防蓝光眼镜能改善眼睛健康。

　　本文节选自：The New York Times（纽约时报）

　　发布时间：2023.05.19

　　作者：HANNAH SEO

　　原文标题：The Best and Worst Habits for Eyesight

　　词汇积累

　　1.optometry

　　英 [?p?t?m?tri] 美 [ɑ?p?tɑ?m?tri]

　　n. 验光；[眼科] 视力测定法

　　2.nearsightedness

　　英 [?n???sa?t?dn?s] 美 [?n?r?sa?t?dn?s]

　　n. 近视眼；目光短浅

　　3.myopia

　　英 [ma????pi?] 美 [ma??o?pi?]

　　n. 近视；目光短浅，缺乏远见

　　4.eyestrain

　　英 [?a??stre?n] 美 [?a??stre?n]

　　n. 视疲劳，眼睛疲劳

　　5.temple

　　英 [?temp(?)l] 美 [?temp(?)l]

　　n. 庙宇，寺院；太阳穴，鬓角；犹太教堂；教堂，礼拜堂（尤指法国新教教堂）；<美>（寺庙举行的）宗教仪式；耶路撒冷古神殿，犹太古圣殿（the Temple）；律师协会会所（the Temple）；被视为圣灵的殿堂的物体（尤指人的身体）；专供某种活动之用的场所；边撑，伸幅器

　　6.retina

　　英 [?ret?n?] 美 [?ret?n?]

　　n. [解剖] 视网膜

　　7.dopamine

　　英 [?d??p?mi?n] 美 [?d??p?mi?n]

　　n. 多巴胺（神经细胞产生的一种作用于其他细胞的化学物质 ）

　　词组搭配

　　1.over time随着时间的推移：表示随着时间的流逝，事物发生变化或逐渐发展。

　　2.solid evidence确凿证据：指无法反驳的、有力的证据，足以证明某事物的真实性。

　　写作句总结

　　原句：There’s also no evidence that wearing blue-light-blocking glasses will improve eye health, he added.

　　结构：There’s no evidence that doing sth will improve XXX.

　　没有证据表明做X事可以提高/改善XX事。

　　例句：There's no evidence that eating organic food will improve health.

　　阅读理解题

　　Which of the following statements is true according to the article?

　　A. Reading a book or looking at an electronic device up close will damage your eyesight.B. Spending more time outside can increase the risks of developing myopia.C. Taking a break from wearing glasses can prevent your eyesight from getting worse.D. Blue light from screens is always damaging to your eyes.

　　A

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　　外刊君为同学们汇总了《经济学人》，戳码回复“J88”，下载pdf源文件。

　　（戳码回复“J88”）

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