阳过一次,多久会感染第二次新冠

  戴好口罩也是避免感染的重要措施。由于病毒常通过飞沫和气溶胶形式传播,口罩是行之有效的预防措施。在病毒浓度高的地方,口罩叠加“多通风”、“保持社交距离”的组合拳使用,效果更佳[21]。

  核酸或抗原转阴后,也不要太得瑟,别着急出门约朋友大吃大喝。美国CDC建议,该有的防护措施不能少,需要痊愈后至少11天左右,才能确认自己真正“阳康”[22]。

  此外,勤洗手、多消毒等生活常识,是疫情几年来大家养成的生活习惯,也是自己和家人健康负责的重要方式。

  既然大部分人都至少要变身一次“小阳人”,那不妨放平心态,用科学知识和药品、生活用品好好应对,祝我们都平安地度过这个冬天。

  本文科学性已由女王大学病理及分子医学硕士伍丽青审核

  参考文献:

  [1]https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases?areaType=nation&areaName=England.

  [2] Kara Steel, R.C.and Z.C. (2022) Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection survey, characteristics of people testing positive for covid-19, UK: 16 november 2022, Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection Survey, characteristics of people testing positive for COVID-19, UK - Office for National Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Available at:https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveycharacteristicsofpeopletestingpositiveforcovid19uk/latest (Accessed: December 14, 2022).

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  [4] Chemaitelly, H., Ayoub, H. H., Tang, P., Hasan, M. R., Coyle, P., Yassine, H. M., ... & Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2022). Immune imprinting and protection against repeat reinfection with SARS-CoV-2. New England Journal of Medicine, 387(18), 1716-1718.

  [5] 二次確診人數呈上升趨勢 專家倡推第四階段「疫苗通」 (no date) 香港文匯網. Available at: https://www.wenweipo.com/a/202208/30/AP630d511ee4b033218a5fd54b.html (Accessed: December 14, 2022).

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  [7] Nguyen, N. N., Houhamdi, L., Delorme, L., Colson, P., Gautret, P., & Nguyen, N. N. (2022). Reinfections with Different SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants, France. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 28(11).

  [8] Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care (2022) AHPPC statement on covid-19 winter update and ongoing health protection measures to support our community, Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care. Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care. Available at: https://www.health.gov.au/news/ahppc-statement-on-covid-19-winter-update-and-ongoing-health-protection-measures-to-support-our-community (Accessed: December 14, 2022).

  [9] Chemaitelly, H., Ayoub, H. H., Coyle, P., Tang, P., Yassine, H. M., Al-Khatib, H. A., ... & Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2022). Protection of Omicron sub-lineage infection against reinfection with another Omicron sub-lineage. Nature communications, 13(1), 1-11.

  [10] Altarawneh, H. N., Chemaitelly, H., Ayoub, H. H., Hasan, M. R., Coyle, P., Yassine, H. M., ... & Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2022). Protective effect of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection against Omicron BA. 4 and BA. 5 subvariants. New England Journal of Medicine, 387(17), 1620-1622.

  [11] Wu, F., Liu, M., Wang, A., Lu, L., Wang, Q., Gu, C., ... & Huang, J. (2020). Evaluating the association of clinical characteristics with neutralizing antibody levels in patients who have recovered from mild COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. JAMA internal medicine, 180(10), 1356-1362.

  [12] Chemaitelly, H., Nagelkerke, N., Ayoub, H. H., Coyle, P., Tang, P., Yassine, H. M., ... & Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2022). Duration of immune protection of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection against reinfection. Journal of Travel Medicine.

  [13] ?züdo?ru, O., Bah?e, Y. G., & Acer, ?. (2022). SARS CoV-2 reinfection rate is higher in the Omicron variant than in the Alpha and Delta variants. Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971-), 1-6.

  [14] Reynolds, C. J., Pade, C., Gibbons, J. M., Otter, A. D., Lin, K. M., Mu?oz Sandoval, D., ... & Moon, J. C. (2022). Immune boosting by B. 1.1. 529 (Omicron) depends on previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Science, 377(6603), eabq1841.

  [15] Cao, Y., Jian, F., Wang, J., Yu, Y., Song, W., Yisimayi, A., ... & Xie, X. S. (2022). Imprinted SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity induces converging Omicron RBD evolution. Biorxiv.

  [16] Tag-VE statement on Omicron Sublineages BQ.1 and XBB (no date) World Health Organization. World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/news/item/27-10-2022-tag-ve-statement-on-omicron-sublineages-bq.1-and-xbb (Accessed: December 17, 2022).

  [17] Abu-Raddad, L. J., Chemaitelly, H., & Bertollini, R. (2021). Severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections as compared with primary infections. New England Journal of Medicine, 385(26), 2487-2489.

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  [22] Isolation and precautions for people with covid-19 (no date) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/isolation.html (Accessed: December 16, 2022).