[翻译] NHS给在英国所有人的关于＂社交距离＂以及保护老年人和弱势成年人的行为

　　原文链接:

　　译者注:

　　1. 该指南发布于2020年3月16日

　　2. NHS: National Health Service 英国国民医疗服务体系

　　3. 英文原文在底部

　　该指南适用于每个人。指南建议所有人采取"社交距离"措施以减少人际交往，从而减少新型冠状病毒的传播。该指南适用于自我居家隔离，无论你是否有来自朋友，家人或护理人员的支持。如果你居住在住家护理的环境里，请阅读。

　　这些人群包括:

　　注意: 有些临床状况会大大增加人们患COVID-19所致严重疾病的风险。如果你也属于这类人群，下周在英格兰的NHS会直接联系你并建议你采取一些更加严格的措施来保障你及他人的安全。现在，你必须严格而完整地遵循下面列出的"社交距离"措施。

　　这个群体包含由复杂的身体状况导致面临额外风险的人，例如:

　　"社交距离"措施是指一系列可以用来减少人际交往的举措。这些举措有助于减少新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)的传播。

　　这些举措包括:

　　每个人都应该在实际允许的情况下尽力遵循这些原则。

　　我们强烈建议你尽可能多地采取这些措施，并且尽可能严格限制自己与朋友和家人的面对面交流。特别是如果你，

　　通过遵循一些普遍原则，你可以帮助阻止呼吸道病毒的传播。这些原则包括:

　　同样的原则适用于普通人群以及对于新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)所致的严重疾病有增加性风险的人群。如果你出现了新冠肺炎的症状(高烧，新出现且持续的咳嗽)，应当在家自我隔离7天。你可以在这里阅读的完整指南。

　　向你的家人，朋友，邻居寻求支持或使用在线服务。如果这些都无法实现，那么公共部门，企业，慈善机构，以及公众都会做好准备来帮助那些被建议待在家里的人。与其他人交流以及向他们求助是非常重要的，他们可以帮助你安排食物，药品以及其他必要服务和物资的快递，也会照料你的身体和心理健康。

　　如果你通过医疗和社会护理组织来获得支持，例如，你通过地方政府或者医疗保健系统获得医疗护理，这些都会照常进行。你的医疗或社会护理提供商将会被要求采取额外的预防措施来确保你的安全。对于正式护理人员的建议可以在中找到。

　　我们建议每个人都尽可能远程就医。然而，如果你在这个时期内有安排好的与医院的预约或其他医疗相关的预约，和你的社区医生或临床医生讨论来确保你能继续获得所需的护理，并考虑是否可以推迟预约。

　　你应当联系那些会经常来拜访你的朋友和家人，告诉他们你现在正在减少社会接触，并请他们不要在这段时间来拜访你，除非他们是来为你提供一些基础护理。基础护理包括帮助你洗衣服，穿衣服，和准备餐食等。

　　如果你通过某个组织来获得医疗或社会护理，无论是来自当地政府还是自费，通知你的提供者，告诉他们你正在减少社会接触，并且与他们商讨一套可以继续为你提供护理的方案。

　　如果你的朋友或家人为你提供基础护理，与他们沟通，告诉他们一些额外的预防措施来确保你的安全。这份也许会对你有帮助。

　　和你的护理者讨论在他们身体不适的情况下你该怎么办也是一个好主意。如果你需要护理但是不知道该联系谁，或者如果你没有可以帮助你的家人或朋友，你可以联系地方委员会，他们会帮助你。

　　如果你和一个健康风险较大的人住在一起，请参阅

　　可以理解，你也许会觉得"社交距离"让你有点无聊甚至沮丧。也许你的心情和感受都会受到影响，你可能会觉得心情低落，担忧，或者失眠，你也可能会很想念和其他人一起外出活动。

　　在这样的时刻，你会很容易陷入一些不健康的行为模式，而这些行为模式会让你感觉更糟糕。这种时候，一些简单的行为就能够帮助你保持身心健康，比如:

　　你也可以出门散步，如果你能与其他人保持至少2米的距离。

　　充分利用好你的朋友，家人和其他的社会关系可能带给你的支持。尽力和身边的人通过电话，信件，或者网络保持联系。让他们了解你想如何与他们保持联系，并让它成为你日常惯例的一部分。这对你保持心理健康也很重要，和他们聊聊你的感受可能会很有帮助。

　　记住，和那些你信赖的人分享你的担忧是没有任何问题的，并且当你这么做的时候，你也在支持着他们。或者你也可以使用

　　如果你正在护理一位健康状况风险较高的人，你可以运用下列举措来保护他们，降低他们当下面临的风险。

　　一定要遵循关于卫生的建议，比如:

　　*如果你的家人或和你共同居住的人开始持续性咳嗽或发烧

　　**如果你独自居住并开始持续性咳嗽或发烧

　　***例如电影院，剧院，酒吧，餐厅，俱乐部

　　****例如通过电话或网络

　　1 比如任何需要每年注射流感疫苗的人

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　　This guidance is for everyone. It advises on social distancing measures we should all be taking to reduce social interaction between people in order to reduce the transmission of coronavirus (COVID-19). It is intended for use in situations where people are living in their own homes, with or without additional support from friends, family and carers. If you live in a residential care setting .

　　We are advising those who are at increased risk of severe illness from coronavirus (COVID-19) to be particularly stringent in following social distancing measures.

　　This group includes those who are:

　　Note: there are some clinical conditions which put people at even higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19. If you are in this category, next week the NHS in England will directly contact you with advice the more stringent measures you should take in order to keep yourself and others safe. For now, you should rigorously follow the social distancing advice in full, outlined below.

　　People falling into this group are those who may be at particular risk due to complex health problems such as:

　　Social distancing measures are steps you can take to reduce the social interaction between people. This will help reduce the transmission of coronavirus (COVID-19).

　　They are:

　　Everyone should be trying to follow these measures as much as is pragmatic.

　　We strongly advise you to follow the above measures as much as you can and to significantly limit your face-to-face interaction with friends and family if possible, particularly if you:

　　This advice is likely to be in place for some weeks.

　　There are general principles you can follow to help prevent the spread of respiratory viruses, including:

　　The same guidance applies to the general population and those at increased risk of severe illness form coronavirus (COVID-19). If you develop symptoms of COVID-19 (high temperature and/or new and continuous cough), self-isolate at home for 7 days. You can find the full guidance at .

　　Ask family, friends and neighbours to support you and use online services. If this is not possible, then the public sector, business, charities, and the general public are gearing up to help those advised to stay at home. It is important to speak to others and ask them to help you to make arrangements for the delivery of food, medicines and essential services and supplies, and look after your physical and mental health and wellbeing.

　　If you receive support from health and social care organisations, for example, if you have care provided for you through the local authority or health care system, this will continue as normal. Your health or social care provider will be asked to take additional precautions to make sure that you are protected. The advice for formal carers is included in the .

　　We advise everyone to access medical assistance remotely, wherever possible. However, if you have a scheduled hospital or other medical appointment during this period, talk to your GP or clinician to ensure you continue to receive the care you need and consider whether appointments can be postponed.

　　You should contact your regular social visitors such as friends and family to let them know that you are reducing social contacts and that they should not visit you during this time unless they are providing essential care for you. Essential care includes things like help with washing, dressing, or preparing meals.

　　If you receive regular health or social care from an organisation, either through your local authority or paid for by yourself, inform your care providers that you are reducing social contacts and agree on a plan for continuing your care.

　　If you receive essential care from friends or family members, speak to your carers about extra precautions they can take to keep you safe. You may find this guidance on useful.

　　It is also a good idea to speak to your carers about what happens if one of them becomes unwell. If you need help with care but you’re not sure who to contact, or if you do not have family or friends who can help you, you can contact your local council who should be able to help you.

　　If you live in a house with a vulnerable person refer to our .

　　Understandably, you may find that social distancing can be boring or frustrating. You may find your mood and feelings are affected and you may feel low, worried or have problems sleeping and you might miss being outside with other people.

　　At times like these, it can be easy to fall into unhealthy patterns of behaviour which in turn can make you feel worse. There are simple things you can do that may help, to stay mentally and physically active during this time such as:

　　You can also go for a walk outdoors if you stay more than 2 metres from others.

　　Draw on support you might have through your friends, family and other networks during this time. Try to stay in touch with those around you over the phone, by post, or online. Let people know how you would like to stay in touch and build that into your routine. This is also important in looking after your mental wellbeing and you may find it helpful to talk to them about how you are feeling.

　　Remember it is OK to share your concerns with others you trust and in doing so you may end up providing support to them too. Or you can use a .

　　If you are caring for someone who is vulnerable, there are some simple steps that you can take to protect them and to reduce their risk at the current time.

　　Ensure you follow advice on good hygiene such as:

　　* if one member of your family or household has a new continuous cough or high temperature

　　** if you live alone and you have a new continuous cough or high temperature

　　*** for example cinema, theatre, pubs, bars, restaurants, clubs

　　**** for example via telephone or internet 1 such as anyone instructed to get a flu jab each year