VOA英语 | 惊恐发作——当恐惧控制了人的大脑
Panic attack - When fear takes control of the mind
A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long, but it may feel like forever.
恐慌症是一种突发性恐惧感。通常它不会持续很长时间,但可能会感觉永远持续下去。
The cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before.
起因可能是一些很平常的事情,比如,开车过一座桥或乘坐飞机。即使这个人以前开车驶过很多桥或者坐过很多次飞机,这种情况还是会发生。
A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands. Difficulty breathing. A lightheaded feeling. At first a person may have no idea what is wrong. But these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder.
心跳加速;手心出汗;呼吸困难;头晕眼花。一开始,一个人可能不知道这是怎么回事。然而,这些都是恐慌症的征兆。
The first appearance usually is between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four. In some cases it develops after a tragedy, like the death of a loved one, or some other difficult situation.
第一次出现这种情况通常是在18到24岁之间。有时,这会发生在悲剧之后,比如一个所爱的人的死亡或者其他困境。
In the United States, the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are affected in any one-year period.
在美国,国家心理健康研究所表示,每一年都有200多万人受此影响。
The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is two times more likely in women than men. And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime.
美国心理协会表示,女性患恐慌症的可能性是男性的两倍。它可以在任何地方持续几个月到一生。
Panic attacks can be dangerous -- for example, if a person is driving at the time. The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water, it is famous for scaring motorists. There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across.
恐慌症是非常危险的——例如,如果一个人正在开车。马里兰州的切萨皮克湾大桥又长又高,因吓唬开车的人而闻名。甚至还有一个援助项目来帮助驾驶员过桥。
Some people who suffer a panic attack develop a phobia, a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack.
有些恐慌症会发展成恐惧症,一种因不断重复某一活动而引起的深度恐惧。
But experts say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or antidepressant medicines. Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack. There are breathing methods, for example, that might help a person calm down.
但专家表示,恐慌症是可以治疗的。医生会建议服用抗焦虑或抗抑郁药物。与咨询师交谈可以帮助一个人学会应对或避免恐慌症。例如,有一些呼吸方法可以帮助一个人平静下来。
Panic disorder is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders. A study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases. It says these include thyroid disease, lung and stomach problems, arthritis, migraine headaches and allergic conditions.
恐慌障碍是心理健康专业人员所说的焦虑症中的一种。上周发表的一项研究报告,焦虑症与几种身体方面的疾病有关系。报告称,这些疾病包括甲状腺疾病、肺部疾病、胃部疾病、关节炎、偏头痛和过敏。
Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder. But, they say, exactly how the two are connected remains unknown.
加拿大马尼托巴大学的研究人员表示,在大多数情况下,身体方面的问题是由焦虑症引起的。但是,他们表示,这两者到底是如何联系在一起的还不得而知。
The report in the Archives of Internal Medicine came from a German health study of more than four thousand adults.
这份发表在《内科学文献》上的报告来自德国的一项对4000多名成年人健康方面的研究。
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