73岁老人直播教成年人识字，学生有72岁老人……

时间：2023-08-06

　　退休后的杨维云，在手机前摆好黑板，开始了“直播生涯”。

　　在她的直播间里，她既不唱跳，也不带货，而是教人学拼音学识字。教拼音是杨维云过去50年最熟悉的事情，不同的是，她现在面对的学生大多都是成年人。

　　这个直播间，成了很多成年人识字难得的窗口。通过这样特别的课堂，有人学会写自己的名字，有人找到了工作。

　　In the livestreaming channel of Yang Weiyun, no singing or dancing is performed nor are products sold.

　　Yang teaches pinyin, reading and writing, something that has been most familiar to her for the past 50 years. The difference is her students are mostly adults, Qilu Evening News reported.

　　直播间“藏着”不识字的成年人

　　“今天我们来学复韵母ai、ei、ui……”杨维云站在黑板前，穿着黄色卫衣，脖子间系着一条粉色丝巾，与她的满头白发形成鲜明对比。

　　如果单听杨维云中气十足的声音，很难猜到她今年已经73岁。杨维云是安徽淮南人，曾在宿州市一所小学任教30年，教一年级至六年级的语文课。后来，她又做了20年的幼儿园院长。退休以后，杨维云总想做些事情。

　　喜欢体验新鲜感的杨维云，就开始玩短视频平台。这也让她动了在网上直播教拼音的念头。“我教了一辈子语文，几十年都是和拼音打交道。”

　　The 73-year-old hails from Huainan city of Anhui province and is a veteran educator. She had been a Chinese teacher in an elementary school for 30 years and a kindergarten head for another 20 years.

　　In retirement, Yang also wanted to do something meaningful. The rise of short video platforms gave her the idea of continuing her education endeavors through livestreaming online.

　　2021年5月17日，杨维云的“喜洋洋直播课堂”就开起来了。之所以叫“喜洋洋”，杨维云说，“孙子喜欢看喜洋洋动画片，我又姓杨，孙子总喊我喜洋洋。”杨维云自信，这个名字一定能赢得孩子们的喜欢。

　　然而第一堂直播课，观众只有个位数。“就算只有一个学生，我也教完。”这堂课，杨维云坚持讲了两个多小时。

　　杨维云原本定位的受众是学龄前后的孩子，课程主要是“幼小衔接拼音教学”。但她逐渐发现，直播间里“藏着”很多不识字的成年人。

　　The retiree opened her livestreaming account in May 2021 and offered free pinyin courses designed for kindergarten pupils about to attend primary schools. However, she gradually learnt among her viewers there are a lot of illiterate adults.

　　“我也是偶然间发现很多不识字的成年人生活在自卑中，他们不敢去陌生地方，担心自己教不好小孩，打工看不懂老板的文字指令。”于是，杨维云的课堂任务又加了一项“成年人零基础学拼音识字”。

　　“很多成年人错过了上学的年纪，他们才是真正要识字的群体，我想给这些成年人一个新的起点。”就这样，杨维云在直播间有了一批特殊的学生。

　　Yang said she found many illiterate adults develop a sense of inferiority. They are afraid to go to new places, worried that they couldn't teach their children or read their boss's instructions. So, she added targeted content to meet their needs.

　　"Many illiterate adults didn't have the chance to go to school when they were young. They are the ones in urgent need of becoming literate. I wanted to give them a new starting point," Yang said.

　　第一次当学生

　　授课地点就在家里，一人一黑板一教棍。每次上课，杨维云都将一头白发梳得板正，穿得端庄“有老师样”。直播课程一开始每晚一场，后来增至每天上午和晚上各一场，一年多来，风雨无阻。她的直播间人数也慢慢从一年前的个位数，上升到五位数。直播间这端，杨维云写着又大又清晰的板书；直播间那端，超万人透过小小的手机屏幕在线上课。在杨维云直播间里学习的人，最年长者72岁。

　　据第七次全国人口普查，全国不识字的成年人一共3800万。并且，这个群体里女性占比达75%。他们进入直播间，企图跨越过去几十年的障碍。

　　According to the seventh national census carried out last year, there are 38 million illiterate adults in China. Yang's livesteaming channel offers an easy and private way for those who want to overcome adult illiteracy.

　　从教50年，杨维云教过很多孩子启蒙识字。但她发现，成年人学拼音学识字却要比想象中难得多。

　　有些成年人会偷偷进入直播间学习。杨维云明白他们难以启齿的原因，“我们要保护他们的自尊心，给他们练习的空间。”

　　张梅（化名）是杨维云的学生之一。她出生于农村，没有上过学，每天跟麦子、玉米打交道。结婚后，张梅跟着丈夫到大城市打工，一双儿女相差12岁。

　　张梅的城市生活并不顺畅。她带着二宝上幼儿园，老师让她填写一个表格。张梅说，自己不会写字。老师写好后，让她照着誊写下来，结果她把名字填在了孩子姓名那一栏。张梅的脸羞得通红。

　　学校老师布置作业或者发布通知，张梅总是用手机拍下来，等丈夫下班才能告诉孩子。为了避免尴尬，张梅很少与别人交流，她也没能找到合适的工作。

　　张梅一有时间就进入杨维云的直播间听课，杨维云看到她就会跟她连麦，带她跟读。张梅也从不敢说、不会说，到现在只要是注音版的字都能准确读出。张梅告诉杨维云，她学会了写自己的名字，还找到了工作。

　　Zhang Mei (pseudonym) is among the students who benefited from Yang's livestream lessons. She was born and raised in the countryside and had never been to school. She moved to the city with her husband after they got married. She found illiteracy brought challenges to her city life. She couldn't find suitable work. She also couldn't fill in forms or read the assignment from teachers for her children.

　　She watches Yang's livestreaming whenever there is spare time. Now she can read Chinese characters if they are marked with pinyin and knows how to write her name. She also found a job.

　　成年人学拼音学识字，需要改变几十年的发音习惯。在一次直播课上，有人不会读二声的a音。杨维云反反复复教了十几遍，他还是无法扬起音调。“万事开头难，第一个读不标准，后边学就更难了。”杨维云耐着性子，鼓励着“老同学”，将口型讲给他听。

　　第二天上午，他主动申请连麦，告诉杨维云，“声音发出来了，心情好舒畅啊。”

　　希望看到学生毕业

　　“直播间里的学生比较特殊，他们各有各的要求。”尽管有着50年教学经验，杨维云在下播以后，还是会仔仔细细备课。“我琢磨着用什么办法能够让他们学会，用什么办法让他们学会以后不容易忘记。”杨维云说。

　　Yang said students learning through her livestreaming channel each have their own demands. So she always prepares her classes carefully after concluding a livestreaming session.

　　最初杨维云不会剪辑视频，她就把手机支起来，自己在黑板前讲课，然后转回到手机后查看效果。常常需要反复录制几十遍，她才能剪出满意的视频。

　　直播之外，杨维云的生活几乎没有闲时候。她每天五点半起床，跟着队伍打连厢，然后回到家直播。下午，杨维云参加腰鼓队，跟小区的老姐妹一起跳广场舞，晚上继续开直播。这样的生活，让杨维云感觉自己是“有用的人”。

　　在杨维云的视频账号下有无数留言，她总是认真看完。“我没有念过书，现在跟着老师学，能写很多字了。”“我49岁了，现在学还来得及吗？”“我72岁都学会了。”

　　“希望看到学生毕业。”这成了杨维云最大的愿望。

　　Yang said she tried her best to figure out what ways the students can learn and remember better, and her biggest wish now is to see these students graduate from her classes.

　　编辑：陈月华

　　参考来源：齐鲁晚报中国日报网