经典之美 / 《老子》,静水深流的智慧 The Way

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  在补天、逐日、填海、奔月的鸿蒙诗意中,

  中国文化从炎黄神话中雍雍而来,

  拂过依依杨柳、涉过苍苍蒹葭,

  行至公元前五世纪前后。

  此时的人类进入一个重要的历史时期,

  西方哲学家称之为“轴心时代”。

  东西方几大文明几乎同时

  都出现了伟大的精神导师——

  古希腊的苏格拉底、柏拉图,

  印度的释迦牟尼……

  而当时的中国,

  在一片兵荒马乱、战火纷争的土地上,

  出现了一大批以老子、孔子、墨子和庄子

  为代表的伟大的精神导师。

  他们与世界上其他文明的巨人们一起,

  在人类精神奠基的伟大工程中,

  开始用理智、道德的方式来面对这个世界,

  共同承担了人类的首度思维大分工。

  今天,让我们首先一起仰望——老子。

  

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  “老子,是让中国文化获得世界身份的最高代表。”

  ——余秋雨

  据联合国教科文组织的统计,

  几千年来被译成外文且广泛传播的著作,

  第一是圣经,第二就是《老子》。

  据《纽约时报》公布,

  人类古往今来最有影响力的十大写作人,

  老子排名第一。

  黑格尔、伏尔泰、尼采无一不是

  《老子》的忠实粉丝,

  在被公认哲学素养最高的国家德国,

  《老子》这本书几乎每家一册……

  作为中国人,

  如果失去了对老子的记忆,

  将是一个可怕的世界级笑话!

  

  3

  老子的生平,

  如同他的学说一般神秘。

  老子曾任周王朝的图书馆长,

  因看到王室日渐衰败,

  就决定离开故土出关云游。

  传说老子骑青牛过函谷关,

  关令尹喜见紫气东来,

  知来者至圣至尊,

  清扫道路、夹道焚香终于迎来老子。

  在尹喜的百般恳求下,

  老子留下五千言传世,

  写完,飘然出关,

  “莫知其所终。”(司马迁)

  无人知道老子的真正结局,

  “白发,黄袍,青牛,白口袋,

  一律变成灰色,

  再一会,已只有黄尘滚滚,

  什么也看不见了。”(鲁迅《出关》)

  

  4

  这个灰色背影留下的短短五千字,

  就是今天的《老子》,又名《道德经》。

  所谓《道》篇,

  是对大千世界万物规律的阐述;

  所谓《德》篇,

  是知道这些规律后你该如何去实现。

  2000多年来,它作为儒道思想的主峰之一,

  成为历代中国人的文化自信。

  即使在民族暂处落后的年代,

  只要想到祖上曾有这样高深的智慧,

  我们就不会身陷自卑;

  即使遭遇人生低谷,

  只要凭借书中思想,

  我们也终究会重振旗鼓东山再起。

  

  5

  老子的声音,

  “以极少之语,蕴极深之义,

  使每个汉字重似千钧,不容外借。”(余秋雨)

  它谈天地法则:

  “人法地,地法天,天法道,道法自然。”

  它谈为人之道:

  “上善若水,水利万物而不争。”

  它谈处世原则:

  “金玉满堂,莫之能守。富贵而骄,自遗其咎。”

  大至天地,小至微尘,

  修身、治国、处世、伦理……

  万象森罗,无不尽收眼底。

  仰可观宇宙之变化,俯可察世事之浮沉。

  6

  “读《老子》就像一次无边界的远足,

  仿佛是在一片空茫缥缈之中,

  找到了某种不朽的立足点。”

  (三联图书副主编 李菁)

  今天的社会变迁猛烈迅速,

  很多人似乎失去了心灵的安宁,

  而老子的智慧开阔而简明,

  他用“做减法”的哲学智慧,

  将中国人的思维引向简约、质朴。

  我们的一生,

  难免常常被层层叠叠的目标、竞赛所困,

  当你陷入失落、痛苦、茫然之时,

  不妨抬起头来,

  看看云端之上那位白发老人的平静目光……

  

  

  推荐书籍

  1.《漫画老子说》

  

  出版时间:2016年7月

  出版社:中信出版社

  作者:蔡志忠编绘

  推荐理由:

  1999年蔡志忠获得“荷兰克劳斯亲王奖”,表彰他“通过漫画将中国传统哲学与文学做出了史无前例的再创造”。蔡志忠先生运用漫画的亲和力,帮助读者阅读《老子》全本,通俗浅显、生动有趣,非常适合孩子和初读者。

  2. 《老子今注今译》

  

  出版时间:2016年5月

  出版社:商务印书馆

  作者:陈鼓应 注译

  推荐理由:

  青苗君先后购买了几册不同版本的《老子》,读来觉得陈鼓应先生译著的版本不仅通俗易懂,也更具学术价值。想要继续深入了解《老子》及历代经典注解的朋友可以购买此书。

  

  Lao Tzu

  Lao Tzu (also spelled Laozi) was an ancient Chinese philosopher who was considered to be the founder of Taoism, a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin that emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao, or the Way.

  Lao Tzu, which literally means the “Old Master”,developed the Taoist ideas and concepts in his masterpiece Tao Te Ching (also called Lao Tzu).Tao Te Ching, the Classic of the Dao and of Virtue, is said to be the 2nd most published book in human history next to the Bible.

  Some Chinese scholars believe that Lao Tzu was a 6th-century BC contemporary of Confucius. Some others concluded that his Tao Te Chingis more of a compilation of beliefs written by several Taoists.

  Chinese legend has it that Lao Tzu was keeper of the imperial archives at the court. When he was eighty years old and travelled to the border of Hangu Pass, a guard official named Yin Xi asked him to record his teachings before he left. He then composed in 5,000 characters the Tao Te Ching.

  

  Lao Tzu

  Lao Tzu, or the Tao Te Ching, is a book of fundamental beliefs and thoughts for both philosophical and religious Taoism. It describes the Dao (or Tao) as the source and ideal of all existence in the universe.

  In a total of 5,000 words and 81 chapters, Lao Tzu presented a way of life intended to restore harmony and tranquility for those who were racked by mental and social disorders and to use instinct and conscience to govern one’s conduct.

  For over 2,000 years, generations of Chinese people have been greatly influenced by Lao Tzu and his thoughts. Its influence now spread widely outside East Asia, and is among the most translated works in world literature.

  

  Lao Tzu Quotes

  “The divine law may be spoken of, but it is not the common law. Things may be named, but names are not the things.”

  “The highest good is like water. Water benefits everything by giving without taking or contending. It likes the place others dislike, so it follows closely the divine law.”

  “A houseful of gold and jade cannot be safeguarded. Arrogance of wealth and power will bring ruin. Withdrawal after success conforms to the divine law.”

  “One who stands on tiptoe cannot stand firm; who makes big strides cannot walk long. One who sees only himself has no good sight; who thinks only himself right cannot be recognized. One who boasts of himself will not succeed; who thinks himself superior cannot be a leader.”

  “It needs observation to know others, but reflection to know oneself. Physically strong, one can conquer others; mentally strong, one can conquer oneself.”

  “Man imitates earth. Earth imitates heaven. Heaven follows the divine law. And the divine law follows nature.”

  “A sage does not keep things for himself. The more he helps others, the more he still has. The more he gives, the more he keeps.”

  (Translated by Prof. Xu Yuanchong)

  

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