考研英语阅读理解A节(传统题型)分类精讲社会伦理类分类模拟(一).docx

　　考研英语阅读理解A节（传统题型）分类精讲社会伦理 类分类模拟（一）Section n Reading ComprehensionThe stretch of the Pacific between Hawaii and California is virtually empty. There are no islands, no shipping lanes, no human presence for thousands of miles - just sea, sky and rubbish. The prevailing currents cause flotsam from around the world to accumulate in a vast becalmed patch of ocean. In places, there are a million pieces of plastic per square kilometre. That can mean as much as 112 times more plastic than plankton, the first link in the marine foodchain. All this adds up to perhaps 100m tonnes offloating garbage, and more is arriving every day. Wherever people have been— and some places where they have not —they have left waste behind. Litter lines the world's roads; dumps dot the landscape; slurry and sewage slosh into rivers and streams. Up above, thousands of fragments of defunct spacecraft careen through space, and occasionally more debris is produced by collisions such as the one that destroyed an American satellite in mid-February. Ken Noguchi, a mountaineer,estimates that he has collected nine tonnes of rubbish from the slopes of Mount Everest during five clean-up expeditions. There is still plenty left.The average Westerner produces over 500kg of municipal waste a year—and that is only the most obvious portion of the rich world's discards. In Britain, for example, municipal waste from households and businesses makes up just 24%of the total. In addition, both developed and developing countries generate vast quantities of construction and demolition debris, industrial effluent, mine tailings, sewage residue and agricultural waste. Extracting enough gold to make a typical wedding ring, for example, can generate three tonnes of mining waste. Rubbish may be universal, but it is little studied and poorly understood. Nobody knows howmuchof it the world generates or what it does with it. In many rich countries, and most poor ones, only the patchiest of records are kept. That