美国护理中的法律、伦理与文化问题.ppt
护理中的法律、伦理与文化问题 Legal, Ethical and Cultural Issues in Nursing 护士是美国最诚实和最道德的职业 Nurses top honesty and ethics in all professions in the United States Three levels of nurses in the USA 美国护士的三个等级 RN:Registered?nurse (注册护士) LPN:Licensed?practical?nurse LVN:licensed?vocational?nurse (执业护士) CAN: Certified?nursing?assistant (助理护士) / NA: nurse aide 护理护士 Professional Titles of Nurses in China 中国护士职称 护工 orderly 护士 nurse / nurse aide 护师 nurse practitioner 主管护师 charge nurse 副主任护师 associate senior nurse 主任护师 (full) senior nurse RN 注册护士 (平均年收入6万USD) The highest level of nurses Pass the national council license exam (NCLEX) 全美护士局联合委员会注册护士执照考试 Responsible for Specific types of care, including assessment, diagnosis, planning and evaluation 评估、护理诊断、计划、评价 Overall case management 病例管理 Other nursing personnel 其他护理人员 LPN) / (LVN) 执业护士(平均年收入4.2万USD) Taking vital signs(生命体征): temperature, BP, pulse and respiration Treating bed sores(褥疮/压疮) Preparing and giving injections(注射) Giving prescribed medications(处方药) Applying dressings(包扎、换药) Inserting catheters(插导管) Caring for tracheostomies(气管插管) Caring for personal hygiene(卫生), emotional needs and feeding (sometimes) CAN / Nurse aide 助理护士/护理护士(平均年收入2.8万USD) Hands-on care(动手护理) and routine tasks(常规工作) under the supervision(监督指导) of nursing and medical staff helping patients to eat, dress and bathe getting patients in and out of bed and walk Escorting(护送) patients to operating room and examination rooms helping LPN set up equipment, store and move supplies(供应品) making beds, serving meals, tidying up(整理) rooms and bathing patients answering patient calls and delivering messages(递送信息) 美国平均收入表 Average Income 平均 男25岁以上 女25岁以上 初中以下 15,461 9,296 高中辍学 18,990 10,786 高中毕业 28,763 15,962 某些大学 35,073 21,007 副学士 39,015 24,808 学士 50,916 31,309 学士以上 55,751 35,125 硕